w½kwfjynfolY or®wEdkifiHonf vGefcJhaom 25 ESpfcefYu
pwifNyD; pD;yGm;a&; jyKjyifajymif;vJrIrsm;udk pwifcJY&m
,if;umvtwGif; ESpfpOf pD;yGm;a&; wdk;wufrI tajctaerSm ysrf;rQjcif;tm;jzifh
7 &mcdkifEIef;rS 9 &mcdkif EIef;txd ½SdcJhonf/
,cktcg w½kwfEdkifiHonf
WTO odkY 0ifa&mufcJhjyD;jzpf&m pD;yGm; a&;zGHUjzdK;wdk;wufrI
t½Sdeft[kef ydkrdk wdk;wuf jrefqefvmrnfh tajctaewGif½Sdaeygonf/
vuf½Sd GDP
rSm tar&duef a':vm 1 'or 2 x&DvsH½SdjyD; ysrf;rQ
wpfOD;csif; 0ifaiGrSm wpfESpfvQif tar&duef a':vm 930 ½Sdonf/
1991 ckESpfwGif ysrf;rQ wpfOD;csif; 0ifaiG tar&duefa':vm 342
om ½SdcJhonfh twGuf 10 ESpfwmumvtwGif; 0ifaiG ESpfqcGJcefY
wdk;wufcJhonf/
pD;yGm;a&;aumif; rGefaom ta½SUbuf urf;½dk;wef;a'o
(Oyrm-½Sef[dkif;) rSm wpfOD;csif; 0ifaiGonf tar&duef
a':vm 8ç000 txd ½SdaejyDjzpf ygonf/ twGif;bufacgifaom
a'orsm; (Oyrm-pDcRef) rSmrl ysrf;rQ0ifaiGatmuf vGefpGmenf;aeao;ojzifh
0ifaiG rQwrI tajc taeudk w½kwf pD;yGm;a&;ynm½Sifrsm;ESifh
acgif;aqmifrsm;u ajz½Sif;Edkif&ef MudK;yrf; vsuf½Sdonf/
,cktcg w½kwf NrdKUjyae vlwef;pm;taeESifh 0ifaiG\ 20 &mcdkifEIef;ukdom
tpm;taomuftwGuf oHk;pGJ&ef vdktyfaom tajctaeodkY a&muf½SdaejyD
jzpfjyD; 2010 jynfhESpfrSm vlOD;a&oef; 400 (tmqD,HvlOD;a&\
80 &mcdkifEIef;) ½Sdaom tiftm;awmifhwif;onfh vlvwfwef;pm;
OD;a&wdk;yGm;vmvdrfhrnf[kcefYrSef;xm;onf/
jynfyrS vma&muf&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHrI
(FDI) tajctaeonfvnf; w½kwfEdkifiHtaeESifh 1996
ckESpfrSm tar&duefa':vm 40 bDvsH cefY½SdjyD; tm½SwdkufpD;yGm;a&;uyfqdkufaom
1997 ckESpfvGefESpfrsm;wGifyif
FDI tenf;i,f avsmhenf; oGm;onfuvGJNyD; 2003 ckESpfrSm
tar&duef a':vm 57 bDvsHtxd wdk;wufum urÇmh
FDI trsm;qHk;EdkifiH tjzpf &yfwnfvsuf½Sdaeygonf/
w½kwfEdkifiH\ aiGaMu;aps;uGuf tajctaeudk MunfhrnfqdkvQif
2002 ckESpfwGif tm½Swdkuf\ wwd, tBuD;qHk; pawmh aps;uGufjzpfcJhNyD;
½S,f,maps;uGufwGif pm&if;0if ukrÜPDaygif; 1ç100
ausmf ½SdcJhonf/ 1999 ckESpf\ *sD'DyD 80 &mcdkkifEIef;
(tar&duef a':vm 578 bDvsH)udk ,if; pm&if;0if ukrÜPDrsm;\
aps;uGufrsm;u &,lcJhonf/ c&pfESpf 2000 jynfhESpfwGif tqdkyg
pawmh aps;uGufü &if;ESD;jr§KyfESHcJhol OD;a&
13 oef; ausmf wdk;wufcJhonf/
tmqD,Ha'o\ tajctaeudk MunfhrnfqdkvQif 2003 ckESpf pm&if;t&
*sD'DyDrSm tar&duefa':vm 555 bDvsH ESifh wpfOD;csif; 0ifaiG
tar&duef a':vm 1ç200 cefY ½SdcJhaMumif; awGU&onf/
ukefoG,frI yrmP pkpkaygif; taeESifh tar&duefa':vm 780 bDvsH
cefY½SdcJhjyD; vlOD;a& oef;aygif; 540 eD;yg;½SdonfhtwGuf
vsifjrefpGm wdk; wufvsuf ½Sdaom jynfwGif;aps;uGufwpfck
jzpfaMumif; oHk;oyfMuonf/ 1997 ^98 pD;yGm;a&;uyfESifh BuHKawGUcJh&aomfvnf;
tmqD,H a'oaeESifh jyD;chJaom av;ESpfwm umvtwGif; *sD'DyD wdk;EIef;onf
ysrf;rQ tm;jzifh 4 'or 1 &mcdkifEIef;½SdcJhojzifh pD;yGm;a&;
taetxm; aumif;rGefonf[k ,lq Edkifayonf/ tmqD,H\ ydkYukef oGif;ukef
taetxm;udk MunfhrnfqdkvQif a'owGif; ukefoG,frI 25 &mcdkifEIef;
cefY½SdNyD; a'ojyify ukefoG,frI 75 &mcdkifEIef; ½SdaeaMumif;
awGU Edkifygonf/
yHkjyyg pD;yGm;a&;ñTef;udef;rsm;t& tmqD,H\ pD;yGm;a&;
tajctaerSm aumif;rGef aomfvnf;
FDI tajctaeudk Munfhrnf qdkygu pD;yGm;a&;uyf rqdkufrD
1996 -97 wGif tar&duefa':vm 30 bDvsHcefY½Sd cJhaomfvnf;
vuf½Sd 2002-2003 ckESpfwGif tar&duefa':vm 10 bDvsH
cefYom½Sdawmh ojzifh rsm;pGm qkwf,kwfoGm;cJhonfudk awGUjrifEdkifygonf/
vuf½Sd tm½Sa'oodkY 0ifa&mufaeaom
FDI pkpkaygif;\ 60 &mcdkifEIef;onf tmqD,Ha'o tpm;
w½kwf jynfodkYom OD;wnfvsuf½SdaeaMumif;vnf; od½Sd&ygonf/
,ckuJhodkY
FDI rsm; tmqD,Ha'oudk a½SmifuGif;NyD; w½kwfjynfodkY
OD;wnfoGm;aejcif;onf tmqD,Hxuf rsm;pGm vkyfc oufomNyD; tvkyform;tiftm;
twdkif;xuftvGefomaom w½kwfjynfupD;yGm; a&;tajctae tcGifhtvrf;rsm;
zGifhxkwf vdkufrIaMumifh jzpfonf/ ,if;tajctaersm;aMumifh Oyrm-ajym&vQif
1997 ckESpf tmqD,Ha'orS tar&duefodkY ydkYukeftcsdK; 23 &mcdkifEIef;
½SdcJh&mrS 1999 ckESpfwGif 20 &mcdkifEIef;odkY
avsmhusoGm;cJhonf/ xdkYjyif w½kwfEdkifiHxkwf aps;EIef;csdKomaom
ukefypönf;rsm;? txl;ojzifh w½kwfEdkifiHydkifpuf½Hk
rsm;u xkwfaom ukefypönf;rsm; tmqD,H a'oodkY atmufaps;rsm;jzifh
0ifa&mufvm aeonfhtwGuf a'owGif; tqdkyg rsdK;wl ukefypönf;rsm;udk
xkwfvkyfaeonfh puf½kHtvkyf½kHrsm;taeESifh aps;uGufwGif
,SOfNydKif Edkifjcif;r½SdawmhbJ vkyfief;½kyfodrf;ae&onfh
tajctaewGif½Sdaeygonf/
wpfqufwnf;rSmyif w½kwfEdkifiHtaeESifh tqifhjrifhynm oifMum;a&;wGifvnf;aumif;?
okawoeESifh zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufa&; vkyfief;rsm;wGif vnf;aumif;?
tmqD,H\ tzGGHUNzdK;qHk; EdkifiHrsm; (pifumyl? rav;½Sm;?
xdkif;) ESifh ,cktcg &ifaygifwef;vdkufEdkif aeNyDjzpfavonf/
þodkU w½kwfEdkifiH\ pD;yGm;a&;jzpfay: wdk;wufrI
tajctaeawGtay: tajccHjyD; tmqD,HtaeESifh w½kwfEdkifiHtm;
pD;yGm;NydKifbufuJhodkY oabmxm;&rvm;? odkYwnf; r[kwf pD;yGm;zuftaeESifh
oabmxm;& rvm;qdkaom ar;cGef;awG ar;vmaeMuNyD jzpfavonf/ wu,fwrf;awmh
tmqD,H a'oydkUukefrsm;onf w½kwfEdkifiH\ ydkYukef rsm;ESifh
wdkuf½dkuf,SOfNydKif&efrvdkbJ wpfzufESifh wpfzuf tjyeftvSef
trSDo[JjyKNyD; vkyfudkifEdkifaom tvm;tvmawG ½SdaMumif;
awGUMu&onf/ odkYjzpfí pD;yGm;a&;ynm½Sifrsm;u
tmqD,HtaeESifh w½kwfudk ,SOfNydKif tEkdif&Edkifajcr½SdvQif
w½kwfESifh yl;aygif;vkyfudkifum pD;yGm;a&; zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrIudk
ylaygif; rQa0cHpm;EdkifvQif taumif;qHk;[k oHk;oyf ajymqdkcJhMuonf/
odkYjzpfí tmqD,HESifh w½kwfEdkifiHwdkYonf tmqD,H-w½kwfpD;yGm;a&;
yl;aygif;aqmif½GufrItajccHrl oabmwlnDcsufudk 2002 ckESpf
Edk0ifbmv 4 &ufaeYrSm vufrSwfa&; xdk;EdkifcJhavonf/ tqdkyg
oabmwlnDcsuf onf tmqD,H - w½kwf vGwfvyfpGm ukefoG,fa&;vkyfief;pOf
twGuf yxrqHk; ajcvSrf;vnf;jzpfavonf/
,if;oabmwl nDcsufwGif tmqD,HESifh w½kwfEdkifiHaejzifh
pdkufysdK;a&;? owif;qufoG,fa&;enf;ynm? vlYt&if;tjrpf
zGHUjzdK;wdk;wufa&;ESifh &if;ESD; jr§KyfESHrIjr§ifhwifa&;wdkYudk
OD;pm;ay;aqmif½Guf oGm;&efESifh rJacgifjrpf0Srf;a'o
pD;yGm;a&; yl;aygif;aqmif½GufrIudk tav;ay; vkyfudkif
oGm;&efwdkYyg½Sdavonf/
tmqD,H-w½kwf vGwfvyfpGm ukefoG,f rIa'o(atpDtufzfwDat)
xlaxmifa&; udk c&pfESpf 2010 jynfhESpfwGif pwif&ef
oabmwlxm;Muonf/ tmqD,Huae w½kwfEdkifiHodkY ydkYukefrsm;onf
xkdtcsdefü ,ckxuf 48 &mcdkifEIef; ydkrdkwdk;wufvmrnf
jzpfNyD; w½kwfrS tmqD,HodkY ydkYukefonfvnf; 55 &mcdkifEIef;
ydkrdkwdk;vmrnf jzpfaMumif; vnf; ,lqxm;Muygonf/ urÇmhtBuD;qHk;aom
vGwfvyfpGm ukefoG,frIa'o jzpfvm rnfjzpfygonf/